Since its inception in 1901, the Nobel Peace Prize has primarily recognised contributions to four broad areas: arms control and disarmament, peace negotiations, the advancement of democracy and human rights, and efforts to build a more orderly and peaceful international system. In the 21st century, the Nobel Committee has also expanded its scope to include initiatives addressing climate change and environmental threats, viewing them as integral to global peace and stability.

The debate over free expression on social media today straddles politics, technology, and civil liberties. When Elon Musk completed his $44 billion acquisition of Twitter on October 27–28, 2022, he declared his ambition to transform the platform into a global forum for candid discussion. One of his earliest and most controversial actions was restoring the account of former U.S. President Donald Trump, who had been permanently banned in January 2021 following the Capitol riots.

Twitter has banned US President Donald Trump for using its platform for life. This action by Twitter has made many uncomfortable. There is a view that companies providing digital platforms like Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp and others have developed a kind of business monopoly, and they behave as per their whims and fancies. Today, such companies control the global digital content and hence there is a need to keep them on a tight leash. Also, there is a talk about how the present nature of legal structures is insufficient to control these tech giants.